Table_1_Trans-Anethole Alleviates Subclinical Necro-Haemorrhagic Enteritis-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Intestinal Inflammation in Broilers.DOCX
This study investigated the alleviative potential of trans-anethole (TA) on the impaired intestinal barrier and intestinal inflammation and its regulatory effects on gut microbiota in broilers with subclinical necro-hemorrhagic enteritis (NE) challenge. Subclinical NE challenge led to a severe decline in the 21-day body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), but an increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and intestinal lesion score of birds compared with controls (P < 0.05). Compared with the subclinical NE group, the TA administration group exhibited lower (P < 0.05) intestinal lesion score and crypt depth (CD), serum diamine oxidase activity, and D-lactate concentration, but higher (P < 0.05) intestinal tight junction protein expressions, villus height (VH), VH/CD, and numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells. The administration of TA also inhibited (P < 0.05) the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) but increased (P < 0.05) jejunal IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration. TA inclusion also led to a remarkable reduction of intestinal NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IκBα) degradation and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) translocation. Moreover, TA modulated the cecal microbiota abundance and diversity of NE birds, as confirmed by reducing the phylum Firmicutes and genera Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group when supplemented at 600 mg/kg and reducing genera Butyricicoccus, Oscillibacter, and Flavonifractor when supplemented at 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Supplementation of TA in broiler diets could alleviate subclinical NE infection by restoring intestinal barrier integrity, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota. A 600-mg/kg dose of TA is the optimum concentration for ameliorating subclinical NE in broilers.
History
References
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.002
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.05.002
- https://doi.org//10.1007/s11947-020-02479-w
- https://doi.org//10.1021/np4004323
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.livsci.2013.11.006
- https://doi.org//10.3382/ps/pex359
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.014
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.060
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.004
- https://doi.org//10.1007/s00210-012-0820-5
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.psj.2021.101330
- https://doi.org//10.1002/mnfr.201500906
- https://doi.org//10.1002/ptr.6499
- https://doi.org//10.3382/ps.2011-02062
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.058
- https://doi.org//10.1080/03079450701589118
- https://doi.org//10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313432
- https://doi.org//10.3390/molecules15117558
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fmicb.2021.623739
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fvets.2020.572142
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.032
- https://doi.org//10.1089/mdr.2019.0101
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fcimb.2021.647048
- https://doi.org//10.1080/03079450903447404
- https://doi.org//10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053238
- https://doi.org//10.1079/WPS200593
- https://doi.org//10.1038/s41598-018-38125-x
- https://doi.org//10.1146/annurev-biophys-083012-130338
- https://doi.org//10.1637/7997-041707-Reg
- https://doi.org//10.1007/s10787-017-0409-1
- https://doi.org//10.1007/s10787-012-0152-6
- https://doi.org//10.1590/1414-431x20187129
- https://doi.org//10.1186/1297-9716-43-74
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.lfs.2007.08.027
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.jep.2012.08.049
- https://doi.org//10.1292/jvms.16-0500
- https://doi.org//10.1021/jf052564y
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.05.027
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fimmu.2017.01592
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.137
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.01.007
- https://doi.org//10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00332
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fmicb.2021.647242
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.psj.2021.101489