sorry, we can't preview this file
Data_Sheet_1_Truncation or Deglycosylation of the Neuraminidase Stalk Enhances the Pathogenicity of the H5N1 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus in Mallard Ducks.docx
H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) with a deletion of 20 amino acids at residues 49–68 in the stalk region of neuraminidase (NA) became a major epidemic virus. To determine the effect of truncation or deglycosylation of the NA stalk on virulence, we used site-directed mutagenesis to insert 20 amino acids in the short-stalk virus A/mallard/Huadong/S/2005 (SY) to recover the long-stalk virus (rSNA+). A series of short-stalk or deglycosylated-stalk viruses were also constructed basing on the long-stalk virus, and then the characteristics and pathogenicity of the resulting viruses were evaluated. The results showed that most of the short-stalk or deglycosylated-stalk viruses had smaller plaques, and increased thermal and low-pH stability, and a decreased neuraminidase activity when compared with the virus rSNA+. In a mallard ducks challenge study, most of the short-stalk or deglycosylated-stalk viruses showed increased pathological lesions and virus titers in the organ tissues and increased virus shedding in the oropharynx and cloaca when compared with the rSNA+ virus, while most of the short-stalk viruses, especially rSNA-20, showed higher pathogenicity than the deglycosylated-stalk virus. In addition, the short-stalk viruses showed a significantly upregulated expression of the immune-related factors in the lungs of the infected mallard ducks, including IFN-α, Mx1, and IL-8. The results suggested that NA stalk truncation or deglycosylation increases the pathogenicity of H5N1 subtype AIV in mallard ducks, which will provide a pre-warning for prevention and control of H5N1 subtype avian influenza in the waterfowl.
History
References
- https://doi.org//10.1016/s0168-1702(01)00272-6
- https://doi.org//10.1007/s007050170128
- https://doi.org//10.1111/tbed.13199
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.00967-13
- https://doi.org//10.1038/s41426-018-0185-z
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.virol.2004.02.015
- https://doi.org//10.1128/jvi.67.2.759-764.1993
- https://doi.org//10.1073/pnas.0403212101
- https://doi.org//10.1371/journal.pone.0049224
- https://doi.org//10.3389/fimmu.2018.00320
- https://doi.org//10.1056/NEJMoa1304459
- https://doi.org//10.3390/v11090812
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.012
- https://doi.org//10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00268-2
- https://doi.org//10.1099/0022-1317-81-12-2843
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.00760-13
- https://doi.org//10.1128/jvi.00530-07
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.01.028
- https://doi.org//10.4049/jimmunol.0902984
- https://doi.org//10.1371/journal.pone.0095539
- https://doi.org//10.1038/srep40698
- https://doi.org//10.1006/meth.2001.1262
- https://doi.org//10.3390/ijms18122706
- https://doi.org//10.1080/03079450802499126
- https://doi.org//10.1128/jvi.73.2.1146-1155.1999
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.01987-08
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.chom.2007.09.001
- https://doi.org//10.1038/nrmicro2613
- https://doi.org//10.4014/jmb.1712.12007
- https://doi.org//10.1126/science.1121586
- https://doi.org//10.1186/1297-9716-44-62
- https://doi.org//10.1038/s41598-017-11348-0
- https://doi.org//10.3390/v10040183
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.it.2009.09.004
- https://doi.org//10.1111/tbed.12949
- https://doi.org//10.1002/jmv.24762
- https://doi.org//10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408
- https://doi.org//10.1099/jgv.0.001015
- https://doi.org//10.3390/ijms18081650
- https://doi.org//10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.011
- https://doi.org//10.3390/v11111048
- https://doi.org//10.3201/eid1204.051614
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.01460-10
- https://doi.org//10.1038/srep13493
- https://doi.org//10.1128/jvi.02688-12
- https://doi.org//10.1080/03079450903349147
- https://doi.org//10.16656/j.issn.1673-4696.2009.01.011
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.00433-18
- https://doi.org//10.1002/rmv.352
- https://doi.org//10.1586/14760584.2015.1068125
- https://doi.org//10.1007/82_2014_396
- https://doi.org//10.1371/journal.pone.0006277
- https://doi.org//10.1128/JVI.00793-09