Data_Sheet_1_Adherence to mediterranean diet and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in a European cohort: The EPIC study.docx

dataset

posted on 2022-09-02, 05:50 authored by Fjorida Llaha, Valerie Cayssials, Marta Farràs, Antonio Agudo, Maria Sandström, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Anne Tjønneland, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Nasser Laouali, Thérèse Truong, Charlotte Le Cornet, Verena Katzke, Matthias Schulze, Domenico Palli, Vittorio Krogh, Simona Signoriello, Rosario Tumino, Fulvio Ricceri, Guri Skeie, Torill Miriam Enget Jensen, Sairah Lai Fa Chen, Cristina Lasheras, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Pilar Amiano, José María Huerta, Marcela Guevara, Martin Almquist, Lena Maria Nilson, Joakim Hennings, Keren Papier, Alicia Heath, Elisabete Weiderpass, Sabina Rinaldi, Raul Zamora-Ros

Background

The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a healthy diet with a potential to lower the incidence of several types of cancer, but there is no data regarding thyroid cancer (TC). We investigated the association between MD adherence, and its components, and the differentiated TC risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Methods

Over 450,000 men and women from nine European countries were followed up for a mean of 14.1 years, during which 712 differentiated TC cases were identified. Adherence to MD was estimated using the relative MD (rMED) score, an 18-point scale including alcohol, and the adapted rMED (arMED) score, a 16-point scale excluding alcohol. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors.

Results

Adherence to the arMED score was not associated with the risk of differentiated TC (HR_{high vs. low adherence} = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.70–1.25; p-trend 0.27), while a suggestive, but non-statistically significant inverse relationship was observed with rMED (HR_{high vs. low adherence} = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.68–1.14; p-trend 0.17). Low meat (HR_{low vs. high meat intake} = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67–0.99; p-trend = 0.04) and moderate alcohol (HR_{moderate vs. non−moderate intake} = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.75–1.03) intake were related with lower differentiated TC risk.

Conclusions

Our study shows that a high adherence to MD is not strongly related to differentiated TC risk, although further research is required to confirm the impact of MD and, especially, meat intake in TC risk.