Liu, Qianqian Ou, Qinfang Shen, Lei Qiu, Chao Zhang, Bingyan Zhang, Wenhong Shao, Lingyun Gao, Yan Chen, Zheng W. Data_Sheet_1_BATF Potentially Mediates Negative Regulation of PD-1/PD-Ls Pathway on T Cell Functions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.docx <p>Background: Previously, we have found that blockade of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway could enhance CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells-mediated protective immunity in patients with active tuberculosis (ATB). However, the mechanism of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway involved in negative regulation of anti-TB immunity has been still unclear. Recently, the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection demonstrated that PD-1 could induce the expression of basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF) to inhibit CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell function. While the mechanism of immune regulation of BATF in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection has not yet been elucidated.</p><p>Methods: We enrolled 104 participants including ATB patients (n = 66), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) (n = 16) and healthy control (HC) (n = 22). The expressions of BATF in peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells from enrolled subjects were determined using flow cytometry. Intervention with PD-1/PD-Ls pathway was performed by using blocking antibodies or human PD-L1 fusion protein. Silencing BATF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by electroporation with siRNA. Real-time quantitative PCR, CFSE dilution assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to test T cell functions after BATF knockdown.</p><p>Results: The percentages of BATF<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> (P = 0.0003 and P < 0.0001, respectively) and BATF<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.0003, respectively) cells were significantly increased in ATB patients compared with LTBI and HC. BATF-expressing PD-1<sup>+</sup> T cells in CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were much higher in ATB group than those in LTBI group (P = 0.0426 and 0.0104, respectively) and HC group (P = 0.0133 and 0.0340, respectively). There was a positive correlation between BATF expression and PD-1 expression in ATB patients (for CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, r = 0.6761, P = 0.0158; for CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, r = 0.6104, P = 0.0350). BATF knockdown could enhance IL-2 and IFN-γ secretions (P = 0.0485 and 0.0473, respectively) and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells proliferation (P = 0.0041) in vitro.</p><p>Conclusions: In the context of tuberculosis, BATF mediates negative regulation of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway on T cell functions. BATF knockdown can improve cytokine secretion and cells proliferation in vitro.</p> BATF;tuberculosis;PD-1/PD-Ls pathway;T cell function;immune response 2019-10-15
    https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_BATF_Potentially_Mediates_Negative_Regulation_of_PD-1_PD-Ls_Pathway_on_T_Cell_Functions_in_Mycobacterium_tuberculosis_Infection_docx/9978962
10.3389/fimmu.2019.02430.s001