10.3389/fmicb.2019.02127.s001 Chuanqing Zhong Chuanqing Zhong Peipei Zhang Peipei Zhang Cheng Liu Cheng Liu Meng Liu Meng Liu Wenbing Chen Wenbing Chen Jiafang Fu Jiafang Fu Xiaoyu Qi Xiaoyu Qi Guangxiang Cao Guangxiang Cao Image_1_The PolS-PolR Two-Component System Regulates Genes Involved in Poly-P Metabolism and Phosphate Transport in Microlunatus phosphovorus.JPEG Frontiers 2019 polyphosphate metabolism two-component system gene regulation Microlunatus phosphovorus phosphate transport 2019-09-13 15:25:12 Figure https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_The_PolS-PolR_Two-Component_System_Regulates_Genes_Involved_in_Poly-P_Metabolism_and_Phosphate_Transport_in_Microlunatus_phosphovorus_JPEG/9825266 <p>Microlunatus phosphovorus NM-1 is a polyphosphate (poly-P)-accumulating bacterium that accumulates poly-P under aerobic conditions and degrades poly-P under anaerobic conditions. In this study, the two-component system (TCS) PolS-PolR was identified in NM-1, and the response regulator PolR was found to directly bind to the promoters of genes related to phosphate transport (MLP_RS00235, MLP_RS23035, and MLP_RS24590); poly-P catabolism (MLP_RS12905) and poly-P synthesis (MLP_RS23025). RT-qPCR assays showed that ppgk (MLP_RS12905), ppk (MLP_RS23025), pstS (MLP_RS23035), and pit (MLP_RS24590) were down-regulated during the aerobic-anaerobic shift. The sequence GTTCACnnnnnGTTCaC was identified as a recognition sequence for PolR by MEME analysis and DNase I footprinting. EMSAs and ChIP-qPCR assays indicated that PolR binds to the promoters of pit (MLP_RS00235), ppgk (MLP_RS12905), ppk (MLP_RS23025), pstS (MLP_RS23035) and pit (MLP_RS24590), and ChIP-qPCR further suggested that the binding affinity of PolR was lower under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions in vivo. These findings indicate that the PolS-PolR TCS in M. phosphovorus may be involved in the regulation of poly-P metabolism in response to levels of dissolved oxygen in the environment, and our results provide insights into new approaches for understanding the mechanisms of phosphorus accumulation and release.</p>