10.3389/fmicb.2019.01328.s011
Fucheng Guo
Fucheng
Guo
Yiliang Li
Yiliang
Li
Shu Yu
Shu
Yu
Lu Liu
Lu
Liu
Tingting Luo
Tingting
Luo
Zhiqing Pu
Zhiqing
Pu
Dan Xiang
Dan
Xiang
Xuejuan Shen
Xuejuan
Shen
David M. Irwin
David M.
Irwin
Ming Liao
Ming
Liao
Yongyi Shen
Yongyi
Shen
Table_1_Adaptive Evolution of Human-Isolated H5Nx Avian Influenza A Viruses.XLSX
Frontiers
2019
H5Nx
Avian influenza A virus
convergent evolution
human infection
host shift
2019-06-12 12:26:35
Dataset
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Adaptive_Evolution_of_Human-Isolated_H5Nx_Avian_Influenza_A_Viruses_XLSX/8263022
<p>Avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) H5N1, first identified in 1996, are highly pathogenic in domestic poultry and continue to occasionally infect humans. In this study, we sought to identify genetic changes that occurred during their multiple invasions to humans. We evaluated all available H5Nx AIV genomes. Significant signals of positive selection were detected in 29 host-shift branches. 126 parallel evolution sites were detected on these branches, including 17 well-known sites (such as T271A, A274T, T339M, Q591K, E627K, and D701N in PB2; A134V, D154N, S223N, and R497K in HA) that play roles in allowing AIVs to cross species barriers. Our study suggests that during human infections, H5Nx viruses have experienced adaptive evolution (positive selection and convergent evolution) that allowed them to adapt to their new host environments. Analyses of adaptive evolution should be useful in identifying candidate sites that play roles in human infections, which can be tested by functional experiments.</p>