10.3389/fnagi.2019.00107.s001
Kirsten E. Bell
Kirsten E.
Bell
Hanna Fang
Hanna
Fang
Tim Snijders
Tim
Snijders
David J. Allison
David J.
Allison
Michael A. Zulyniak
Michael A.
Zulyniak
Adrian Chabowski
Adrian
Chabowski
Gianni Parise
Gianni
Parise
Stuart M. Phillips
Stuart M.
Phillips
Jennifer J. Heisz
Jennifer J.
Heisz
Table_1_A Multi-Ingredient Nutritional Supplement in Combination With Resistance Exercise and High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cognitive Function and Increases N-3 Index in Healthy Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial.docx
Frontiers
2019
resistance exercise training
high-intensity interval training
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
protein
creatine
vitamin D
calcium
2019-05-09 13:43:17
Dataset
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_A_Multi-Ingredient_Nutritional_Supplement_in_Combination_With_Resistance_Exercise_and_High-Intensity_Interval_Training_Improves_Cognitive_Function_and_Increases_N-3_Index_in_Healthy_Older_Men_A_Randomized_Controlled_Trial_docx/8100755
<p>We aimed to evaluate the effect of multi-ingredient nutritional supplementation, with and without exercise training, on cognitive function in healthy older men. Forty-nine sedentary men [age: 73 ± 6 years (mean ± SD); body mass index: 28.5 ± 3.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>] were randomized to consume a supplement (SUPP n = 25; 1500 mg n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, 30 g whey protein, 2.5 g creatine, 500 IU vitamin D, and 400 mg calcium) or control beverage (CON n = 24; 22 g maltodextrin) twice daily for 20 weeks consisting of Phase 1: SUPP/CON followed by Phase 2: 12-week resistance exercise training plus high-intensity interval training, while continuing to consume the study beverages (SUPP/CON + EX). At baseline, 6 weeks, and 19 weeks we assessed cognitive function [Montréal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)], memory [word recall during the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)], executive functions (working memory inhibition control), and nutrient bioavailability. We did not observe changes to any aspect of cognitive function after Phase 1; however, significant improvements in the following cognitive function outcomes were detected following Phase 2: MOCA scores increased (6 weeks: 23.5 ± 3.3 vs. 19 weeks: 24.4 ± 2.5, p = 0.013); number of words recalled during the RAVLT increased (6 weeks: 6.6 ± 3.6 vs. 19 weeks: 7.6 ± 3.8, p = 0.047); and reaction time improved (6 weeks: 567 ± 49 ms vs. 19 weeks: 551 ± 51 ms, p = 0.002). Although between-group differences in these outcomes were not significant, we observed within-group improvements in composite cognitive function scores over the course of the entire study only in the SUPP group (Δ = 0.58 ± 0.62, p = 0.004) but not in the CON group (Δ = 0.31 ± 0.61, p = 0.06). We observed a progressive increase in n-3 index, and a concomitant decrease in the ratio of arachidonic acid (ARA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) within erythrocyte plasma membranes, in the SUPP group only. At week 19, n-3 index (r = 0.49, p = 0.02) and the ARA:EPA ratio (r = -0.44, p = 0.03) were significantly correlated with composite cognitive function scores. Our results show that 12 weeks of RET + HIIT resulted in improved MOCA scores, word recall, and reaction time during an executive functions task; and suggest that a multi-ingredient supplement combined with this exercise training program may improve composite cognitive function scores in older men possibly via supplementation-mediated alterations to n-3 PUFA bioavailability.</p><p>Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02281331.</p>