10.3389/fmicb.2019.00995.s001
John I. Miller
John I.
Miller
Stephen Techtmann
Stephen
Techtmann
Julian Fortney
Julian
Fortney
Nagissa Mahmoudi
Nagissa
Mahmoudi
Dominique Joyner
Dominique
Joyner
Jiang Liu
Jiang
Liu
Scott Olesen
Scott
Olesen
Eric Alm
Eric
Alm
Adolfo Fernandez
Adolfo
Fernandez
Piero Gardinali
Piero
Gardinali
Nargiz GaraJayeva
Nargiz
GaraJayeva
Faig S. Askerov
Faig S.
Askerov
Terry C. Hazen
Terry C.
Hazen
Data_Sheet_1_Oil Hydrocarbon Degradation by Caspian Sea Microbial Communities.PDF
Frontiers
2019
16S rRNA gene sequencing
Caspian Sea
anaerobic
cold temperature
marine microbial community
microbial ecology
oil biodegradation
petroleum
2019-05-09 11:42:54
Dataset
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Oil_Hydrocarbon_Degradation_by_Caspian_Sea_Microbial_Communities_PDF/8100206
<p>The Caspian Sea, which is the largest landlocked body of water on the planet, receives substantial annual hydrocarbon input from anthropogenic sources (e.g., industry, agriculture, oil exploration, and extraction) and natural sources (e.g., mud volcanoes and oil seeps). The Caspian Sea also receives substantial amounts of runoff from agricultural and municipal sources, containing nutrients that have caused eutrophication and subsequent hypoxia in the deep, cold waters. The effect of decreasing oxygen saturation and cold temperatures on oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by a microbial community is not well characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oxic and anoxic conditions on oil hydrocarbon biodegradation at cold temperatures by microbial communities derived from the Caspian Sea. Water samples were collected from the Caspian Sea for study in experimental microcosms. Major taxonomic orders observed in the ambient water samples included Flavobacteriales, Actinomycetales, and Oceanospirillales. Microcosms were inoculated with microbial communities from the deepest waters and amended with oil hydrocarbons for 17 days. Hydrocarbon degradation and shifts in microbial community structure were measured. Surprisingly, oil hydrocarbon biodegradation under anoxic conditions exceeded that under oxic conditions; this was particularly evident in the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Important microbial taxa associated with the anoxic microcosms included known oil degraders such as Oceanospirillaceae. This study provides knowledge about the ambient community structure of the Caspian Sea, which serves as an important reference point for future studies. Furthermore, this may be the first report in which anaerobic biodegradation of oil hydrocarbons exceeds aerobic biodegradation.</p>