10.3389/fmicb.2019.00856.s001
Yíngyún Caì
Yíngyún
Caì
Shuǐqìng Yú
Shuǐqìng
Yú
Rohit K. Jangra
Rohit K.
Jangra
Elena N. Postnikova
Elena N.
Postnikova
Jiro Wada
Jiro
Wada
Robert B. Tesh
Robert B.
Tesh
Sean P. J. Whelan
Sean P. J.
Whelan
Michael Lauck
Michael
Lauck
Michael R. Wiley
Michael R.
Wiley
Courtney L. Finch
Courtney L.
Finch
Sheli R. Radoshitzky
Sheli R.
Radoshitzky
David H. O’Connor
David H.
O’Connor
Gustavo Palacios
Gustavo
Palacios
Kartik Chandran
Kartik
Chandran
Charles Y. Chiu
Charles Y.
Chiu
Jens H. Kuhn
Jens H.
Kuhn
Image_1_Human, Nonhuman Primate, and Bat Cells Are Broadly Susceptible to Tibrovirus Particle Cell Entry.TIF
Frontiers
2019
Bas-Congo virus
Mononegavirales
mononegavirus
Rhabdoviridae
rhabdovirus
tibrovirus
tropism
viral hemorrhagic fever
2019-04-26 15:15:01
Figure
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Human_Nonhuman_Primate_and_Bat_Cells_Are_Broadly_Susceptible_to_Tibrovirus_Particle_Cell_Entry_TIF/8048075
<p>In 2012, the genome of a novel rhabdovirus, Bas-Congo virus (BASV), was discovered in the acute-phase serum of a Congolese patient with presumed viral hemorrhagic fever. In the absence of a replicating virus isolate, fulfilling Koch’s postulates to determine whether BASV is indeed a human virus and/or pathogen has been impossible. However, experiments with vesiculoviral particles pseudotyped with Bas-Congo glycoprotein suggested that BASV particles can enter cells from multiple animals, including humans. In 2015, genomes of two related viruses, Ekpoma virus 1 (EKV-1) and Ekpoma virus 2 (EKV-2), were detected in human sera in Nigeria. Isolates could not be obtained. Phylogenetic analyses led to the classification of BASV, EKV-1, and EKV-2 in the same genus, Tibrovirus, together with five biting midge-borne rhabdoviruses [i.e., Beatrice Hill virus (BHV), Bivens Arm virus (BAV), Coastal Plains virus (CPV), Sweetwater Branch virus (SWBV), and Tibrogargan virus (TIBV)] not known to infect humans. Using individual recombinant vesiculoviruses expressing the glycoproteins of all eight known tibroviruses and more than 75 cell lines representing different animal species, we demonstrate that the glycoproteins of all tibroviruses can mediate vesiculovirus particle entry into human, bat, nonhuman primate, cotton rat, boa constrictor, and Asian tiger mosquito cells. Using four of five isolated authentic tibroviruses (i.e., BAV, CPV, SWBV, and TIBV), our experiments indicate that many cell types may be partially resistant to tibrovirus replication after virion cell entry. Consequently, experimental data solely obtained from experiments using tibrovirus surrogate systems (e.g., vesiculoviral pseudotypes, recombinant vesiculoviruses) cannot be used to predict whether BASV, or any other tibrovirus, infects humans.</p>