10.3389/fphys.2019.00152.s002
Raquel Santos Souza
Raquel
Santos Souza
Flavia Virginio
Flavia
Virginio
Thaís Irene Souza Riback
Thaís Irene Souza
Riback
Lincoln Suesdek
Lincoln
Suesdek
José Bonomi Barufi
José Bonomi
Barufi
Fernando Ariel Genta
Fernando
Ariel Genta
Presentation_1_Microorganism-Based Larval Diets Affect Mosquito Development, Size and Nutritional Reserves in the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).pdf
Frontiers
2019
Aedes aegypti
microorganism
development
nutritional reserves
digestion
yeast
bacteria
algae
2019-04-09 05:22:24
Presentation
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/presentation/Presentation_1_Microorganism-Based_Larval_Diets_Affect_Mosquito_Development_Size_and_Nutritional_Reserves_in_the_Yellow_Fever_Mosquito_Aedes_aegypti_Diptera_Culicidae_pdf/7968965
Background<p>Mosquito larvae feed on organic detritus from the environment, particularly microorganisms comprising bacteria, protozoa, and algae as well as crustaceans, plant debris, and insect exuviae. Little attention has been paid to nutritional studies in Aedes aegypti larvae.</p>Objectives<p>We investigated the effects of yeast, bacteria and microalgae diets on larval development, pupation time, adult size, emergence, survivorship, lifespan, and wing morphology.</p>Materials and Methods<p>Microorganisms (or Tetramin<sup>®</sup> as control) were offered as the only source of food to recently hatched first instar larvae and their development was followed until the adult stage. Protein, carbohydrate, glycogen, and lipid were analyzed in single larvae to correlate energetic reserve accumulation by larva with the developmental rates and nutritional content observed. FITC-labeled microorganisms were offered to fourth instar larvae, and its ingestion was recorded by fluorescence microscopy and quantitation.</p>Results and Discussion<p>Immature stages developed in all diets, however, larvae fed with bacteria and microalgae showed a severe delay in development rates, pupation time, adult emergence and low survivorship. Adult males emerged earlier as expected and had longer survival than females. Diets with better nutritional quality resulted in adults with bigger wings. Asaia sp. and Escherichia coli resulted in better nutrition and developmental parameters and seemed to be the best bacterial candidates to future studies using symbiont-based control. The diet quality was measured and presented different protein and carbohydrate amounts. Bacteria had the lowest protein and carbohydrate rates, yeasts had the highest carbohydrate amount and microalgae showed the highest protein content. Larvae fed with microalgae seem not to be able to process and store these diets properly. Larvae were shown to be able to process yeast cells and store their energetic components efficiently.</p>Conclusion<p>Together, our results point that Ae. aegypti larvae show high plasticity to feed, being able to develop under different microorganism-based diets. The important role of Ae. aegypti in the spread of infectious diseases requires further biological studies in order to understand the vector physiology and thus to manage the larval natural breeding sites aiming a better mosquito control.</p>