10.3389/fmicb.2019.00336.s001
Ciaran Patrick Kelly
Ciaran Patrick
Kelly
Caroline Chong Nguyen
Caroline Chong
Nguyen
Lola Jade Palmieri
Lola Jade
Palmieri
Kumar Pallav
Kumar
Pallav
Scot E. Dowd
Scot E.
Dowd
Lydie Humbert
Lydie
Humbert
Philippe Seksik
Philippe
Seksik
Andre Bado
Andre
Bado
Benoit Coffin
Benoit
Coffin
Dominique Rainteau
Dominique
Rainteau
Toufic Kabbani
Toufic
Kabbani
Henri Duboc
Henri
Duboc
Image_1_Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 Modulates the Fecal Bile Acids Metabolism During Antimicrobial Therapy in Healthy Volunteers.TIF
Frontiers
2019
bile acids
probiotics
Saccharomyces boulardii
antibiotics
dysbiosis
microbiota
2019-03-01 14:20:35
Figure
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Saccharomyces_boulardii_CNCM_I-745_Modulates_the_Fecal_Bile_Acids_Metabolism_During_Antimicrobial_Therapy_in_Healthy_Volunteers_TIF/7791698
<p>Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (SB) is a probiotic yeast used to lower the incidence of antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection, though its mechanism of action remains unclear. Cholic acid is a primary bile acid, which triggers the germination and promotes the growth of C. difficile. The intestinal microbiota transforms primary into secondary bile acids. This study examined (1) the antimicrobial-induced alteration of fecal bile acid content, and (2) whether the concomitant administration of SB influences this transformation. This is an ancillary work from a randomized study, which revealed that SB modulates fecal microbiota dysbiosis during antibiotic treatment. Healthy subjects were randomly assigned to (1) SB only, (2) amoxicillin-clavulanate (AC), (3) SB plus AC, or (4) no treatment. We analyzed fecal concentrations of BA by high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Compared to the untreated or the SB-treated groups, AC decreased the percentage of fecal secondary BA significantly (days 3 and 7). When SB and AC were administered concomitantly, this decrease in secondary BA was no longer significant. Following treatment with AC, a significant peak of fecal CA was measured on days 3 and 7, which was prevented by the concomitant administration of SB. AC administered to healthy volunteers altered the microbial transformation of primary BA, decreased secondary BA, and increased CA. The latter was prevented by the concomitant administration of SB and AC, suggesting a potent mechanism protection conferred by SB against post-antimicrobial C. difficile infection.</p><p>Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01473368.</p>