10.3389/fbioe.2018.00202.s004 Eri Nishiyama Eri Nishiyama Koichi Higashi Koichi Higashi Hiroshi Mori Hiroshi Mori Konomi Suda Konomi Suda Hitomi Nakamura Hitomi Nakamura Soichi Omori Soichi Omori Shigenori Maruyama Shigenori Maruyama Yuichi Hongoh Yuichi Hongoh Ken Kurokawa Ken Kurokawa Data_Sheet_4_The Relationship Between Microbial Community Structures and Environmental Parameters Revealed by Metagenomic Analysis of Hot Spring Water in the Kirishima Area, Japan.pdf Frontiers 2018 extreme environments environmental parameters microorganisms metagenome hot springs 2018-12-20 04:04:26 Dataset https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_4_The_Relationship_Between_Microbial_Community_Structures_and_Environmental_Parameters_Revealed_by_Metagenomic_Analysis_of_Hot_Spring_Water_in_the_Kirishima_Area_Japan_pdf/7489301 <p>Diverse microorganisms specifically inhabit extreme environments, such as hot springs and deep-sea hydrothermal vents. To test the hypothesis that the microbial community structure is predictable based on environmental factors characteristic of such extreme environments, we conducted correlation analyses of microbial taxa/functions and environmental factors using metagenomic and 61 types of physicochemical data of water samples from nine hot springs in the Kirishima area (Kyusyu, Japan), where hot springs with diverse chemical properties are distributed in a relatively narrow area. Our metagenomic analysis revealed that the samples can be classified into two major types dominated by either phylum Crenarchaeota or phylum Aquificae. The correlation analysis showed that Crenarchaeota dominated in nutrient-rich environments with high concentrations of ions and total carbons, whereas Aquificae dominated in nutrient-poor environments with low ion concentrations. These environmental factors were also important explanatory variables in the generalized linear models constructed to predict the abundances of Crenarchaeota or Aquificae. Functional enrichment analysis of genes also revealed that the separation of the two major types is primarily attributable to genes involved in autotrophic carbon fixation, sulfate metabolism and nitrate reduction. Our results suggested that Aquificae and Crenarchaeota play a vital role in the Kirishima hot spring water ecosystem through their metabolic pathways adapted to each environment. Our findings provide a basis to predict microbial community structures in hot springs from environmental parameters, and also provide clues for the exploration of biological resources in extreme environments.</p>