10.3389/fmicb.2018.02283.s002 Nivea F. Luz Nivea F. Luz Ricardo Khouri Ricardo Khouri Johan Van Weyenbergh Johan Van Weyenbergh Dalila L. Zanette Dalila L. Zanette Paloma P. Fiuza Paloma P. Fiuza Almerio Noronha Almerio Noronha Aldina Barral Aldina Barral Viviane S. Boaventura Viviane S. Boaventura Deboraci B. Prates Deboraci B. Prates Francis Ka-Ming Chan Francis Ka-Ming Chan Bruno B. Andrade Bruno B. Andrade Valeria M. Borges Valeria M. Borges Image_2_Leishmania braziliensis Subverts Necroptosis by Modulating RIPK3 Expression.TIFF Frontiers 2018 RIPK3 MLKL macrophage necroptosis Leishmania braziliensis 2018-09-28 04:14:03 Figure https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_Leishmania_braziliensis_Subverts_Necroptosis_by_Modulating_RIPK3_Expression_TIFF/7144943 <p>Leishmania braziliensis infection causes skin ulcers, typically found in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL). This tissue pathology associates with different modalities of cell necrosis, which are subverted by the parasite as a survival strategy. Herein we examined the participation of necroptosis, a specific form of programmed necrosis, in LCL lesions and found reduced RIPK3 and PGAM5 gene expression compared to normal skin. Assays using infected macrophages demonstrated that the parasite deactivates both RIPK3 and MLKL expression and that these molecules are important to control the intracellular L. braziliensis replication. Thus, LCL-related necroptosis may be targeted to control infection and disease immunopathology.</p>