10.3389/fnmol.2018.00309.s001 Nadine Kerr Nadine Kerr Marta García-Contreras Marta García-Contreras Sam Abbassi Sam Abbassi Nancy H. Mejias Nancy H. Mejias Brandon R. Desousa Brandon R. Desousa Camillo Ricordi Camillo Ricordi W. Dalton Dietrich W. Dalton Dietrich Robert W. Keane Robert W. Keane Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Image_1_Inflammasome Proteins in Serum and Serum-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers of Stroke.JPEG Frontiers 2018 inflammasome biomarkers extracellular vesicles serum exosomes caspase-1 ASC 2018-09-04 07:59:15 Figure https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Inflammasome_Proteins_in_Serum_and_Serum-Derived_Extracellular_Vesicles_as_Biomarkers_of_Stroke_JPEG/7041833 <p>The inflammasome is a key contributor to the inflammatory innate immune response after stroke. We have previously shown that inflammasome proteins are released in extracellular vesicles (EV) after brain and spinal cord injury. In addition, we have shown that inflammasome proteins offer great promise as biomarkers of central nervous system (CNS) injury following brain trauma. In the present study, we used a Simple Plex Assay (Protein Simple), a novel multi-analyte automated microfluidic immunoassay platform, to analyze serum and serum-derived EV samples from stroke patients and control subjects for inflammasome protein levels of caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), Interleukins (IL)-1β, and (IL)-18. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves with associated confidence intervals obtained from the analysis of serum samples revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) for ASC was 0.99 with a confidence interval between 0.9914 and 1.004, whereas the AUC for caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were 0.75, 0.61, and 0.67, respectively. Thus, these data indicate that ASC is a potential biomarker of stroke and highlight the role of the inflammasome in the inflammatory response after brain ischemia.</p>