10.3389/fphys.2018.00618.s008 Korbinian Bösl Korbinian Bösl Miriam Giambelluca Miriam Giambelluca Markus Haug Markus Haug Marit Bugge Marit Bugge Terje Espevik Terje Espevik Richard K. Kandasamy Richard K. Kandasamy Bjarte Bergstrøm Bjarte Bergstrøm Table_1_Coactivation of TLR2 and TLR8 in Primary Human Monocytes Triggers a Distinct Inflammatory Signaling Response.xls Frontiers 2018 innate immunity Toll-like receptors Toll-like receptor 2 Toll-like receptor 8 signaling monocytes 2018-05-29 04:24:49 Dataset https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Coactivation_of_TLR2_and_TLR8_in_Primary_Human_Monocytes_Triggers_a_Distinct_Inflammatory_Signaling_Response_xls/6381776 <p>Innate immune signaling is essential to mount a fast and specific immune response to pathogens. Monocytes and macrophages are essential cells in the early response in their capacity as ubiquitous phagocytic cells. They phagocytose microorganisms or damaged cells and sense pathogen/damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs) through innate receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We investigated a phenomenon where co-signaling from TLR2 and TLR8 in human primary monocytes provides a distinct immune activation profile compared to signaling from either TLR alone. We compare gene signatures induced by either stimulus alone or together and show that co-signaling results in downstream differences in regulation of signaling and gene transcription. We demonstrate that these differences result in altered cytokine profiles between single and multi-receptor signaling, and show how it can influence both T-cell and neutrophil responses. The end response is tailored to combat extracellular pathogens, possibly by modifying the regulation of IFNβ and IL12-family cytokines.</p>