10.3389/fnmol.2018.00090.s002 Charlotte Benoit Charlotte Benoit Soraya Doubi-Kadmiri Soraya Doubi-Kadmiri Xavier Benigni Xavier Benigni Delphine Crepin Delphine Crepin Laure Riffault Laure Riffault Ghislaine Poizat Ghislaine Poizat Claire-Marie Vacher Claire-Marie Vacher Mohammed Taouis Mohammed Taouis Anne Baroin-Tourancheau Anne Baroin-Tourancheau Laurence Amar Laurence Amar Table2.xls Frontiers 2018 aging brain Illumina sequencing metabolic environment metabolic programming miRNA expression miRNome 2018-03-28 04:21:29 Dataset https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table2_xls/6045659 <p>Epidemiological reports and studies using rodent models indicate that early exposure to nutrient and/or hormonal challenges can reprogram metabolism at adulthood. Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) integrates peripheral and central signals to adequately regulate energy homeostasis. microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the control of gene expression of large regulatory networks including many signaling pathways involved in epigenetics regulations. Here, we have characterized and compared the miRNA population of ARC of adult male rats continuously exposed to a balanced metabolic environment to the one of adult male rats exposed to an unbalanced high-fat/high-carbohydrate/moderate-protein metabolic environment during the perinatal period and/or at adulthood that consequently displayed hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperleptinemia. We identified more than 400 miRNA species in ARC of adult male rats. By comparing the miRNA content of six biological replicates in each of the four perinatal/adult environments/rat groups, we identified the 10 miRNAs specified by clusters miR-96/182/183, miR-141/200c, and miR-200a/200b/429 as miRNAs of systematic and uncommonly high variation of expression. This uncommon variation of expression may underlie high individual differences in aging disease susceptibilities. By comparing the miRNA content of the adult ARC between the rat groups, we showed that the miRNA population was not affected by the unbalanced adult environment while, in contrast, the expression of 11 miRNAs was repeatedly impacted by the perinatal unbalanced environment. Our data revealed a miRNA response of adult ARC to early metabolic environmental challenge.</p>