Zhang, Yaxing Xu, Jingting Yang, Hongzhi Table_1_Hydrogen: An Endogenous Regulator of Liver Homeostasis.docx <p>Basic and clinical studies have shown that hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>), the lightest gas in the air, has significant biological effects of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. The mammalian cells have no abilities to produce H<sub>2</sub> due to lack of the expression of hydrogenase. The endogenous H<sub>2</sub> in human body is mainly produced by anaerobic bacteria, such as Firmicutes and Bacteroides, in gut and other organs through the reversible oxidation reaction of 2 H<sup>+</sup> + 2 e<sup>-</sup> ⇌ H<sub>2</sub>. Supplement of exogenous H<sub>2</sub> can improve many kinds of liver injuries, modulate glucose and lipids metabolism in animal models or in human beings. Moreover, hepatic glycogen has strong ability to accumulate H<sub>2</sub>, thus, among the organs examined, liver has the highest concentration of H<sub>2</sub> after supplement of exogenous H<sub>2</sub> by various strategies in vivo. The inadequate production of endogenous H<sub>2</sub> play essential roles in brain, heart, and liver disorders, while enhanced endogenous H<sub>2</sub> production may improve hepatitis, hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury, liver regeneration, and hepatic steatosis. Therefore, the endogenous H<sub>2</sub> may play essential roles in maintaining liver homeostasis.</p> gut microbiota;oxidative stress;inflammation;apoptosis;glucose homeostasis;lipids homeostasis 2020-06-11
    https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Hydrogen_An_Endogenous_Regulator_of_Liver_Homeostasis_docx/12463565
10.3389/fphar.2020.00877.s001