%0 Generic %A Huang, Tong-Yi %A Huang, Guang-Liang %A Zhang, Chun-Yang %A Zhuang, Bo-Wen %A Liu, Bao-Xian %A Su, Li-Ya %A Ye, Jie-Yi %A Xu, Ming %A Kuang, Ming %A Xie, Xiao-Yan %D 2020 %T Data_Sheet_1_Supramolecular Photothermal Nanomedicine Mediated Distant Tumor Inhibition via PD-1 and TIM-3 Blockage.pdf %U https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Supramolecular_Photothermal_Nanomedicine_Mediated_Distant_Tumor_Inhibition_via_PD-1_and_TIM-3_Blockage_pdf/11855802 %R 10.3389/fchem.2020.00001.s001 %2 https://frontiersin.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/21728820 %K liposome %K ICG %K photothermal therapy %K distant tumor %K PD-1 %K TIM-3 %K immune checkpoint blockade %X

Supramolecular nanoparticles for photothermal therapy (PTT) have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in the primary tumor and great potential for turning the whole-body immune microenvironment from “cold” to “hot,” which allows for the simultaneous treatment of the primary tumor and the metastatic site. In this work, we develop a liposome-based PTT nanoparticle through the self-assembly of FDA-approved intravenous injectable lipids and a photothermal agent, indocyanine green (ICG). The obtained ICG-liposome shows long-term storage stability, high ICG encapsulation efficiency (>95%), and enhanced near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered photothermal reaction both in vitro and in vivo. The ICG-liposome efficiently eradicated the primary tumor upon laser irradiation in two colon cancer animal models (CT26 and MC38) and promoted the infiltration of CD8 T cells to distant tumors. However, PTT from ICG-liposome shows only a minimal effect on the inhibition of distant tumor growth in long-term monitoring, predicting other immunosuppressive mechanisms that exist in the distant tumor. By immune-profiling of the tumor microenvironment, we find that the distant tumor growth after PTT highly correlates to compensatory upregulation of immune checkpoint biomarkers, including program death-1 (PD-1), T-cell immunoglobulin, and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), in tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells. Based on this mechanism, we combine dual PD-1 and TIM-3 blockade with PTT in an MC38 tumor model. This combo successfully clears the primary tumor, generates a systemic immune response, and inhibits the growth of the distant tumor. The ICG-liposome-combined PD-1/TIM-3 blockade strategy sheds light on the future clinical use of supramolecular PTT for cancer immunotherapy.

%I Frontiers